Phakic Intraocular Lens (IOL) surgery is a popular refractive surgical procedure that can correct vision problems, particularly in patients who are not suitable candidates for laser eye surgery. While this procedure offers considerable benefits, it is essential to be aware of the potential risks and complications associated with it.

One of the primary risks of phakic IOL surgery is infection. Although the use of sterile techniques and antibiotics significantly reduces this risk, there is still a possibility that bacteria may enter the eye during the procedure, leading to serious complications like endophthalmitis.

Another common complication is glaucoma, a condition characterized by elevated intraocular pressure. The placement of a phakic lens can obstruct the normal flow of aqueous humor, potentially leading to damage to the optic nerve. Regular monitoring of eye pressure after surgery is crucial to catch any signs of glaucoma early.

cataract formation is another potential risk. Although phakic IOLs are designed to be placed in front of the natural lens, they can cause stress that may lead to the development of cataracts in some patients. If cataracts do develop post-surgery, a secondary procedure may be necessary to address this issue.

Visual disturbances are also possible after surgery. Some patients report issues such as halos, glare, or difficulty seeing at night. These visual disturbances can be particularly troublesome and may sometimes persist indefinitely, affecting overall quality of life.

In addition, lens dislocation is a serious complication that can occur if the phakic lens shifts from its original position. This can result in double vision or other visual impairments, necessitating surgical intervention to reposition or replace the lens.

Another concern is further refractive error. While phakic IOLs are designed to correct existing refractive errors, there is a chance that the patient may still require glasses or contact lenses after surgery. In some instances, the initial correction may not last, leading to the need for additional procedures.

Lastly, corneal endothelial cell loss can occur during phakic IOL surgery. The corneal endothelium is crucial for maintaining corneal transparency and function, and damage during the procedure can lead to corneal swelling and vision issues.

In conclusion, while phakic IOL surgery provides a viable solution for correcting vision problems, it is vital to consider the potential risks and complications. Patients should discuss these risks thoroughly with their eye care professionals, ensuring they understand the implications and prepare for post-operative care to minimize adverse outcomes.