Pterygium surgery is often performed to remove a growth on the eye that can obstruct vision and cause discomfort. While the procedure is generally safe, it is essential for patients to understand the potential risks and complications associated with pterygium surgery to make informed decisions about their eye health.

One of the most common complications following pterygium surgery is recurrence. This occurs when the pterygium returns after being surgically removed. Studies indicate that recurrence rates can vary significantly based on several factors, including the surgical technique used and the characteristics of the pterygium itself. To minimize the risk of recurrence, some surgeons may employ adjunctive therapies, such as the use of antimetabolites or conjunctival autografting.

Infections are another risk associated with pterygium surgery. Postoperative infections can lead to discomfort, redness, and abnormal healing. To reduce the likelihood of infection, patients are often prescribed antibiotic eye drops after the surgery. It is crucial to follow the prescribed regimen and attend follow-up appointments to monitor for any signs of infection.

Other complications may include excessive scarring, which can affect the appearance of the eye and may require additional treatments. There is also a risk of transient or persistent dry eye symptoms, which can be bothersome but typically resolve over time. Patients with pre-existing dry eye conditions should discuss their concerns with their ophthalmologist before undergoing surgery.

In rare cases, complications may involve changes in vision. Although significant vision loss is uncommon, some patients may experience blurred vision or visual disturbances following surgery. These symptoms can arise from various factors, including errors in surgical technique or unintended damage to the eye structures.

Patients must also consider the emotional and psychological aspects of recovery. Some individuals may experience anxiety or stress regarding the outcome of surgery and the potential for complications. Engaging in open discussions with the surgeon regarding expectations, recovery processes, and possible risks can help alleviate some of these concerns.

In conclusion, while pterygium surgery is typically safe and effective, it is not without risks. Understanding these complications—such as recurrence, infection, excessive scarring, visual changes, and emotional impacts—empowers patients to make informed choices about their treatment options. Consulting with a qualified ophthalmologist and following postoperative care instructions can aid in minimizing risks and ensuring a smoother recovery process.