Strabismus surgery, a procedure aimed at correcting misaligned eyes, can significantly improve visual function and enhance cosmetic appearance. However, like any surgical intervention, it carries potential risks that patients should be aware of.

1. Infection
One of the most significant risks associated with strabismus surgery is the possibility of infection. Although rare, infections can occur at the surgical site, potentially leading to complications. Patients are advised to follow their surgeon's postoperative care instructions closely to minimize this risk.

2. Hemorrhage
Another risk involves hemorrhage, or bleeding, during or after the surgery. This could lead to swelling and may require additional medical intervention. Surgeons typically take precautions to prevent excessive bleeding, but it remains a possibility.

3. Under-correction or Over-correction
A common outcome of strabismus surgery is under-correction or over-correction of the eye alignment. In some cases, the desired alignment may not be achieved, resulting in the need for additional surgeries. It is crucial for patients to have realistic expectations and thorough discussions with their surgeon about potential outcomes.

4. Double Vision
Post-surgery, some patients may experience double vision, a condition known as diplopia. This can be temporary or, in rare cases, permanent. The risk of developing double vision increases, particularly if the eyes were misaligned for an extended period before surgery. Patients should address any vision changes with their doctor promptly.

5. Ocular Movement Issues
Surgery may unintentionally affect the eye muscles, leading to issues with eye movement. Patients might experience limitations in their ability to move their eyes in certain directions. This complication is uncommon but can be distressing for those affected.

6. Anesthesia Risks
Any surgical procedure involves the use of anesthesia, which carries its own set of risks. While adverse reactions to anesthesia are rare, they can include allergic reactions or complications related to pre-existing health conditions. A thorough preoperative assessment minimizes these risks.

7. Scarring
Surgical incisions can leave scars, and while they often fade over time, they may be more noticeable in some patients. The location and extent of scarring can vary based on the surgical technique used.

8. Regression of Treatment
Finally, there is a possibility that the benefits of strabismus surgery may regress over time. Some patients may notice a gradual return of misalignment, requiring additional treatments or surgeries.

In conclusion, while strabismus surgery can provide significant benefits in vision and cosmetic appearance, it is essential for patients to be aware of the associated risks. A detailed consultation with a qualified ophthalmologist can help address any concerns and provide guidance based on individual circumstances, ensuring informed decision-making.